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Making a Bed with Japanese Joints

BRIAN HOLCOMBE’S CONSTRUCTION IS ALL ABOUT THE FINELY CREATED JOINT WORK

Wooden bed frame with slatted design, corner view.

I recently made a few pieces of furniture for my young son Henry’s room, including a low-platform bed. I knew Henry would not need it for a number of years, but I had the feeling that my wife or myself would be spending many an evening beside his crib. I put together a design which was simple in outward appearance and would reveal details of its construction in subtle fashion. For the major connections I felt that joinery typical to Japanese carpentry would lend itself well to the design.

Recently I received a commission for Henry’s bed design. Excited by the opportunity to improve upon an older design, I detailed a number of changes I wanted to make and presented them to the client. They were interested to see my ideas put to work and so I began moving forward. I wanted to use continuous chamfers on every surface. The original design had dovetailed legs, and I wanted to repeat that but in a fashion that appeared more congruous.

Double Mortise and Tenons

Woodworking joints and hammer on carpeted floor.
1. After material preparation, I began the joinery work with the outside corners of the bed. These corners, which help to complete the outer frame, are composed of double mortise and tenon joints, which are to be fitted with wedges. I cut these joints out using a combination approach of roughing the joint with a mortising machine, followed by trimming to knife lines with a chisel. The abutments of this joint flare to the outside to allow room for the wedges to expand the tenon, making the fit secure

Tusk Tenon

Close-up of woodworking joint on bench
2. After the perimeter joints were complete I moved on to the centre stretcher. The centre stretcher joins the outer frame at the front and back of the bed. The ends of the stretcher are shaped into a tenon which features a sloped shoulder, known as a tusk tenon. This joint, commonly used in timber carpentry, is set to be draw-bored

Drawbored Joints

Close-up of wooden dovetail joints on workbench.
3. Next I began making joinery for the supporting cross-members that connect the outside frame rails to the centre stretcher. They connect at the stretcher with a joint known as a rod tenon
Close-up of wood joinery on table.
4. The rod tenon passes through the stretcher joins into a mortise in the opposing cross-member and is drawbored tight

Dovetail Housing

Well-equipped woodworking workshop with benches and tools.
5. The cross-members connect at the outside rail using dovetailed housings which they will share with the legs. I cut the housings using a router table with a support table. The legs are profiled with a chamfering bit at the same angle as the dovetail bit and then joined into the assembly
Wooden joint construction on workbench
6. The assembled joint also allows full chamfers on the frame rails

Bridle Joints

Woodworking joints on a workbench for carpentry.
7. I completed the major joinery for the bed with the centre support. This main support keeps the bed frame from flexing. Removing flex is critical to thin structures like this platform bed
Wooden mortise and tenon joint close-up
8. The support is applied simply enough, using a bridle joint, but it is made additionally strong by an applied support flanking its sides. These supports prevent the bridle joint from splaying

Fitting the Slats

Close-up of wooden bed frame slats.
9. The bed was assembled and slats were installed into mortises along the centre stretcher, completing the build
Minimalist wooden bed frame design
10. The process of assembly for a project like this is quite enjoyable, the joinery mainly used drawbore pegs and so the worries that come along with a glue-up are cast aside
Wooden bed frame with slatted design
11. Wedges were installed to complete the corner joints
Wooden joinery detail, interlocking corner design.
12. Finally, the bed was finished in a type of hardwax oil which gave a nice subtle darkening to the white ash

Further Reading

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